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The Double VM layer provides enhanced security through nested VM isolation. A parent VM acts as a security barrier that validates all operations before they reach the host system.

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Architecture

  • Parent VM: Security barrier with operation validation
  • Inner VM: Isolated execution environment for user code
  • Tool call flow: Inner VM → Parent VM validation → Host handler

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Basic Configuration

import { Enclave } from '@enclave-vm/core';

const enclave = new Enclave({
  securityLevel: 'SECURE',
  doubleVm: {
    enabled: true, // Default: true
    parentTimeoutBuffer: 1000, // Extra timeout for parent VM (ms)
    parentValidation: {
      validateOperationNames: true,
      maxOperationsPerSecond: 100, // Rate limiting
      blockSuspiciousSequences: true, // Detect attack patterns
    },
  },
});

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Parent Validation Options

interface ParentValidationOptions {
  // Name validation
  validateOperationNames: boolean;
  allowedOperationPattern?: RegExp;    // Whitelist pattern
  blockedOperationPatterns?: RegExp[]; // Blacklist patterns

  // Rate limiting
  maxOperationsPerSecond: number;

  // Pattern detection
  blockSuspiciousSequences: boolean;
  suspiciousPatterns?: SuspiciousPattern[];
}

​
Operation Name Filtering

Control which tool names are allowed: 
const enclave = new Enclave({
  doubleVm: {
    parentValidation: {
      validateOperationNames: true,

      // Only allow specific patterns
      allowedOperationPattern: /^[a-z]+:[a-z]+$/i,

      // Block admin operations
      blockedOperationPatterns: [
        /^admin:/i,
        /^system:/i,
        /delete/i,
      ],
    },
  },
});

​
Built-in Suspicious Pattern Detection

The Double VM detects these attack patterns automatically:
PatternDescription
EXFIL_LIST_SENDList/query followed by send/export
RAPID_ENUMERATIONSame operation called >10 times in 5s
CREDENTIAL_EXFILCredential access + external operation
BULK_OPERATIONBulk/batch/mass operation names
DELETE_AFTER_ACCESSDelete operation after data access
const enclave = new Enclave({
  doubleVm: {
    parentValidation: {
      blockSuspiciousSequences: true,
      // All built-in patterns are enabled by default
    },
  },
});

​
Custom Suspicious Patterns

Define your own detection logic: 
const enclave = new Enclave({
  doubleVm: {
    parentValidation: {
      suspiciousPatterns: [
        {
          id: 'CUSTOM_PATTERN',
          description: 'Custom detection logic',
          detect: (operationName, args, history) => {
            // Check if operation is suspicious based on context
            if (operationName.includes('dangerous')) {
              return true;
            }

            // Check operation history
            const recentOps = history.slice(-5);
            if (recentOps.some(op => op.name === 'sensitive:read')) {
              return operationName.includes('send');
            }

            return false;
          },
        },
        {
          id: 'RATE_SPIKE',
          description: 'Sudden increase in operation rate',
          detect: (operationName, args, history) => {
            const last10 = history.slice(-10);
            const timeSpan = Date.now() - (last10[0]?.timestamp || 0);
            return timeSpan < 1000; // 10 ops in <1s
          },
        },
      ],
    },
  },
});

​
Detection Pattern Interface

interface SuspiciousPattern {
  id: string;              // Unique identifier
  description: string;     // Human-readable description
  detect: (
    operationName: string,
    args: unknown,
    history: OperationHistoryEntry[]
  ) => boolean;
}

interface OperationHistoryEntry {
  name: string;
  args: unknown;
  timestamp: number;
}

​
Rate Limiting

Prevent rapid-fire tool calls: 
const enclave = new Enclave({
  doubleVm: {
    parentValidation: {
      maxOperationsPerSecond: 50, // Allow max 50 ops/sec
    },
  },
});
When the rate limit is exceeded, subsequent calls are blocked until the rate drops.

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Security Benefits

  1. Operation Isolation - Tool calls pass through validation layer
  2. Pattern Detection - Detect multi-step attack sequences
  3. Rate Limiting - Prevent denial-of-service via tool flooding
  4. Audit Trail - Operation history for forensics
  5. Defense in Depth - Additional layer beyond AST validation

​
Performance Considerations

The Double VM adds minimal overhead:
  • Latency: ~1-2ms per tool call for validation
  • Memory: ~10MB additional for parent VM context
  • CPU: Negligible for pattern matching
For performance-critical applications, you can disable specific features: 
const enclave = new Enclave({
  doubleVm: {
    enabled: true,
    parentValidation: {
      validateOperationNames: true,
      blockSuspiciousSequences: false, // Disable pattern detection
    },
  },
});